BISSAU, GUINEA-BISSAU — Voters across Guinea-Bissau have headed to the polls in a closely watched constitutional referendum that could significantly alter the country’s political system and redefine the balance of power between the presidency and parliament.
The proposed constitutional reform seeks to replace the country’s existing semi-presidential arrangement with a full presidential system, concentrating greater executive authority in the office of the president.
Under the proposed framework, the presidency would assume broader powers over cabinet appointments, government structures and ministerial portfolios. Supporters of the reform say the changes would help reduce institutional conflicts and create a more streamlined system of governance.
However, opposition figures and civil society organisations have raised concerns about the possible concentration of political power in the presidency. They argue that weakening parliamentary oversight could undermine democratic checks and balances and create opportunities for executive overreach.
The referendum comes amid Guinea-Bissau’s ongoing political transition following major political developments in late 2025. The outcome is therefore being closely watched by regional observers and international partners.
A strong turnout and a clear result could have far-reaching implications for the country's political institutions and its democratic trajectory.
